This doctor operates on patients, s/he works in the operation theatre. Some colleagues call him a "cutter"

This doctor is a specialist for sick children

This doctor is specialized in problems of the lungs.

This doctor examines teeth, makes filling, crowns, bridges etc. Many patients are afraid of him/her.

This doctor is an expert for diseases of the skin. Quite often s/he also specialises in allergies and/or venereal diseases.

This doctor is a specialist for problems of women and especially their reproductive organs.

This doctor is a specialist for diseases of the heart.

This doctor is a specialist for diseases of the kidneys; s/he often has to do with dialysis.

This doctor examines your stomach, intestines…

This doctor treats your ears, nose or throat.

This doctor examines your bladder, and if you're male, your prostate.

This doctor helps patients with mental disorders.

This doctor is a specialist for problems of the nervous system, especially if nerves are damaged.

This doctor helps you with your spine and joints. He helps to make bones grow straight, or if you have problems with your feet and need special shoes etc.

This doctor treats your eyes, prescribes glasses etc.

This doctor is the one you go to first. S/He'll then send you to a specialist ("consultant") or to a hospital, if necessary. Some people say s/he is not specialised but these doctors need more than 5 years to become a state-approved ...